How to write a quote in a paper

Wednesday, August 5, 2020

What Is An Essay

What Is An Essay Submitting texts containing avoidable errors to a teacher indicates a lack of learning or care, and should be scored lower than texts without avoidable errors. Obviously, you should check the sentence for common errors. For beginners and intermediate learners, however, your needs are different. You will need a grammar checker that checks for common developmental errors and transfer errors from your first language. Pick a subject that you can find enough material about. Is your aim to offer the steps to solve a particular problem, persuade readers in your point of view, or educate people about some idea, person or event? Even though we have a new name, it's the same awesome service, same us. Essays may not be all that fun, but this method can help to make the writing process ever-so-slightly more aPEELing. Click Check, and the paraphrase checker will compare your text to the original text. It will underline words and phrases that are common to both texts. In addition, it will calculate the similarity of the two texts with a score. For optimal results, check one sentence at a time, and aim for a paraphrase score below 50%. See the paraphrase checker page for more information and a sample text to try. We offer a grammar checking API service with a free one month trial for developers. With broad topics, it helps to limit the scope of your discussion by saying what is not your focus. Look at the beginning of your introductory paragraph and ask yourself how you might grab the readerâ€™s interest more effectively. Select an essay type from the list and click check for a score and feedback. You can change the translation language at any time in your profile page. I use it to discover what makes a great essay great. Then, I use Model Essay Proximity Scoring to determine how closely your essay resembles the ideal essay response for each test prompt. Carefully read your paper and remove the mistakes. Find reliable websites with such domains as .org (non-profit), .edu , and .gov . Google Scholar and Google Books are both awesome ways of finding out whatâ€™s available in terms of your topic. You will also have difficulty constructing and conjugating verbs. Your writing will include numerous tense shifts, word order problems, and number agreement errors. Add to these, bad translations suggested by Google translate, spelling errors, and the general chaos that comes with the cognitive overload of having to compose in a second language. For details on the grammar checking API, see our Grammar Check API documentation page. A trained IELTS examiner might score your essay a little higher or lower, but I am confident that the Virtual Writing Tutorâ€™s IELTS practice tests will help you improve. The system provides valuable tips and corrections on a range of essay features to help you improve your essay so you can get better and better. After many years of research, I have developed a special method of quality detection that I call Latent Essay Feature Analysis . Avoid websites in which information may be edited by anyone, like Wikipedia. Almost every writing assignment requires a student to make a research. With the Virtual Writing Tutor's API, you can add spelling and grammar checking capabilities to any website. This will be of special interest to developers of websites with proofreading services or English language learning websites and mobile apps. The Virtual Writing Tutor can help you improve your paraphrasing skills quickly. Draft your paraphrase, click on the Paraphrase Checker button, and copy-paste the source text into the text box.

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

4 Ways To Come Up With A Great Essay Idea

4 Ways To Come Up With A Great Essay Idea We welcome trained, seasoned authors to ensure your composition is top-class. Why write a mediocre paper when you can do the superior one? And this is pretty much what we deliver â€" a classy paper from scratch that brings you a positive grade. Essay help is the answer to all your college troubles. Here the writer is not â€˜in chargeâ€™ of the paragraph, and it reads a little like a list. That is something your lecturers do not want to see. You are the principal storyteller, the internal voice of the writer, leading the reader through to your conclusion. Try and achieve a balance between both types of in text-references in your essay writing. Normally, when writing an essay at university you will be expected to use only academic sources. The following learning guide on source credibility will help you to determine whether an external source is academic or not. When you are writing an essay you will need to include references to external academic sources. The introduction includes the background to the essay, the important issues and a thesis statement. The introduction leads your reader into the essay. The conclusion reminds your reader of the main points made in your essay and leaves your reader with a final impression and ideas to think about later. It might seem strange to think about writing your conclusion before you write the body of your essay, but unless you know where you are going you can easily lose direction. Also, the conclusion is the last thing the reader actually reads, so it needs to be memorable. Thank you so much for taking the headache out of the process. We made it easy to connect you with the best academic writer. Our essay writers are handpicked from leading colleges across the US, UK and Australia. They are subject-matter graduates with professional degrees such as Masterâ€™s and PhDs. Youâ€™re not alone -- thatâ€™s the life of a quintessential college student. With looming deadlines and complicated essays, students are under immense pressure and left feeling stressed. View a text description of the writing an essay time management 'cake'. Look over the writersâ€™ ratings, success rating, and the feedback left by other students. All you have to do is say, â€œwrite my essay research paper for meâ€ or â€œI want to hire a smart person to write my essayâ€, and your wish will be our command. Given the amount of research paper requests we get, we have amped up our team with research paper writing experts who write custom, well-written research papers. Research papers are one of my most common writing assignments students encounter and a crucial one at that. Make an order, and a writer will meet all the provided instructions. Topic, length, number of references, spacing, formatting, and academic level. All these aspects let us fully customize the document making it one-of-a-kind and truly authentic. A writer will work to meet all the specifications A to Z. Your paper will be done by an expert with years of experience under the belt. All papers are unique because our writers are required to follow our strict quality assurance protocol, which includes anti-plagiarism. Here at EssayPro, we offer a service guarantee when you buy an essay. This means that our clients can have college papers done in moments or 2 weeks, regardless of the number of pages. We are a freelance platform, which connects talented writers with students who need extra help on their assignments. We are all about assisting college students and helping them make the best of these years. An essay writer will take care of your composition today. In 6 hours or less, a new document will be available to download from your inbox. Quick and easy, any homework youâ€™re reluctant to do could be finalized without a hitch. Academic essays explore complex ideas and information, but this doesnâ€™t mean your writing has to be complex, too. Opt for simple, straightforward language whenever possible. The thesis and scope are sometimes combined to form one or more sentences known as a thesis statement. The thesis statement often comes at the end of the introduction, although it can be written earlier. Topic sentenceThe topic sentence can function as a sentence of transition from the previous paragraph. The conclusion should not just repeat the ideas from the introduction.

Saturday, August 1, 2020

Samples Of Pte Essay Writing With Answers

Samples Of Pte Essay Writing With Answers Have an academic advisor and/or trusted friend read it and give you pointers as well. When doing academic writing, avoid passive voice, and useactive voiceinstead. An active voice is more engaging and tells the reader exactly who your subject is, what he, she or they are doing. The strongest points suppporting your thesis statement will go in the second paragraph, and the second strongest will go in the third. For the concluding paragraph and sentence, you should restate your thesis, summarize what the audience just read and include information that signifies the end of the essay. You can order an essay and get it written from scratch in as little as 3 hours! Last year, 99% of all our orders were delivered on time and this year our goal is 100% timely delivery. Each client can choose an appropriate writer to buy an essay from. Your second paragraph generally begins the body of the paper. This paragraph should begin with a topic sentence that introduces the first supporting idea . You should use the middle of the paragraph to discuss your support, give examples, and analyze the significance of these examples. Your last sentence of the body paragraph could be used to draw a conclusion for that supporting idea, or to transition into the next paragraph. All you have to do is say, â€œwrite my essay research paper for meâ€ or â€œI want to hire a smart person to write my essayâ€, and your wish will be our command. That means that you need to decide exactly what your key points are. So you need a logical sequence of key points that actually build up your argument. Well, my first guideline for writing an essay is to make sure that you have a clear line of argument. If the essay title is in the form of a question - this might seem obvious - answer the question. After you have more clearly articulated your thesis and arguments by responding to these questions, you can spend some time thinking about the overall presentation. They can do this by looking at factors such as success rates and customer reviews. Every writer we employ is a native speaker of English and comes from either the USA, Australia, UK, Canada, Ireland, or New Zealand. Once you have your outline, you can start writing your academic essay. The strongest position for your statement is usually at the end of one or two introductory paragraphs. Stating your thesis in your first sentence leaves you no room to warm the reader to your subject. Once you have gotten on paper as much as you have to say, read it back carefully, see if you find contradictions, make new connections between ideas, or notice things you've omitted. The tentative thesis that you have plastered above your desk is there to keep you focused. Donâ€™t be afraid torewrite parts of your essayif theyâ€™re not as strong as youâ€™d like them to be. Oftentimes, your academic essay will not come out perfect the first time around. With some work and refinement, you can turn in a great essay to your teacher that will show off your skills and get you an excellent grade in your class. Once youâ€™ve written your academy essay, start the proofreading process. First, look at sentence structures and try to find any grammar and spelling mistakes. You can use a program likeGrammarlyor visit a local writing center if you need help. Then, read your essay aloud to hear how it sounds. Given the amount of research paper requests we get, we have amped up our team with research paper writing experts who write custom, well-written research papers. Research papers are one of my most common writing assignments students encounter and a crucial one at that. Youâ€™re not alone -- thatâ€™s the life of a quintessential college student. With looming deadlines and complicated essays, students are under immense pressure and left feeling stressed. Punctuality and excellence are the two core principles of EssayTigers. We always make sure to deliver your order on time and provide you with the highest quality work. We not only meet your deadlines, but also offer you outstanding speed of writing. On the other hand, you may want to use your title to suggest your thesis. See my notes onâ€œHow to Read a History Bookâ€ for some well chosen titles. The writer followed all my instructions and created a brilliant essay, I would say. What I like most of all, no one suspects even that my essay wasn't written by me.

Samples Of Pte Essay Writing With Answers

Friday, July 31, 2020

Tips On How To Write A Scholarship Essay About Bioenergy

Tips On How To Write A Scholarship Essay About Bioenergy Be sure you can explain what you are doing and why and your teacher will be impressed. You need to write a description that uses sense imagery and uses vivid adjectives and adverbs. One way to do this is to close your eyes and imagine the story from beginning to end. To lengthen your assignment, reread the writing and each body paragraph of it. May be, there are some unanswered questions, discussing which will add some words to your text. Sometimes, it is hard to come up with five paragraphs of classical structure within such a short format. The absolute minimum size for a five-paragraph essay is 250 words or one double-spaced page, typed in standard 12 points font. But, is there an answer to that question of how many words you should write? You can start at the beginning or dive right into the heart of your essay. An introductory paragraph, as the opening of a conventional essay,composition, orreport, is designed to grab people's attention. It informs readers about the topic and why they should care about it but also adds enough intrigue to get them to continue to read. In short, the opening paragraph is your chance to make a great first impression. We strongly recommend you revise an essay that is shorter than 250 words unless such a length is required by your professor. We know that any essay is better to be not too long and not too short, but here, we will try to find a precise solution. Many things matter when you work on an academic essay. Hence, it is useful for one to take them into consideration while working on a 5-paragraph assignment. What about the format, citations, structure, and language of your 5-paragraph paper? Iâ€™m starting to write essays for school and journals. Good instruction and ideas about how to write are the kind of help that should never get you in trouble. It would be different if someone else told you how to write a particular sentence, but when you apply writing hints on your own then you should be commended. You can look at my profile for some of them or search by my name. Thank you, I didnâ€™t know of this website even was around for someone to use to learn how to write anything. Make it more vivid by adding as many details as you can. There is not just one sentence starter that works for any particular position in a paper. What you need to decide is what that sentence is doing in relation to the last paragraph. And nothing in the writing process is more fundamental than writing a solid paragraph. The following example illustrates the importance of these elements in paragraph writing. It is very helpful in my essay writing and it improves my understanding too so I believe that it will give more Hint in writing.Thanks and God will bless you for done this job. I was racing against time to do my five paragraph essay as the teacher timed my class and I clicked on this and my mind was wide opened with the million ideas I could add. I have over 100 English writing essays here on Owlcation. If you are adding information, use an adding transition. If you are contrasting, use a contrast transition etc. There are many correct ways to start a paragraph, but in standard English, it is typical to begin each paragraph with the topic sentence. The introductory paragraph is filled with doom and gloom. We feel sorry for the writer but are left wondering whether the article will be a classic sob story. It is in the second paragraph where we find out that it's quite the opposite. You can always adjust your introductory paragraph later. A topic sentence tells the main idea of the paragraph. The rest of the paragraph will explain the topic sentence and give examples and reasons to back up that assertion.

Tuesday, June 2, 2020

Sexual Frustration, Sublimation, and Aggression in Brobdingnag - Literature Essay Samples

In the voyage to Brobdingnag section of Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels, the title character fits a common psychological profile over 150 years before the theory describing it was technically defined. The story manifestly presupposes the Freudian concept of sublimation of repressed sexual frustration into behavior redirected toward another goal with the intent to prove the initial sexual merit through other means. Norman O. Brown recognizes Swifts foresight, explicitly stating that Swift did anticipate the doctrine of sublimation (44). Brown expresses wonder at how Swift was able to anticipate the doctrine (44). Swifts intention is not critical to this interpretation of the story, but the idea that Swift was not familiar with the concept of sublimation as it existed during his time would be a real surprise. Gullivers voyage to Brobdingnag is a thematically coherent pre-Freudian exploration of Gullivers sublimating his sexual frustration and humiliation into his vision of the higher goal of proving to the King his own unquestioned masculine worth, climaxing in his aggressive, sexually charged revelation of the secrets of the invention and uses of gunpowder. Etymological evidence strongly supports the possibility that Swift was acquainted with sublimation as a motivating factor that at the time was quite similar in definition to its meaning in current Freudian terminology. The intrinsic meaning of the word sublimation according to the Oxford English Dictionary is the chemical action or process of subliming or converting a solid substance by means of heat into vapour, which resolidifies on cooling. By the seventeenth century however, the word was also being defined as an elevation to a higher state or plane of existence; transmutation into something higher, purer, or more sublime (Loewald 12). In A Tale of a Tub Swift writes that a certain great prince dealing with sexual frustration was moved by a vapour that rose to his brain and caused him to turn aside all peaceable endeavors and instead aggressively dream of nothing but sieges, battles and victories (2313-2314). In psychoanalytical terms, sublimation denotes some sort of conversion or transmutation from a lower to a higher, and presumably purer, state or plane of existence-be it the transmutation of a material substance or of an instinct and its objects and aim (Loewald 12-13). The modern psychological definition is almost identical to the definition with which Swift would have been familiar. Of key importance is the understanding that often the sublimated action involves aggressive behavior-the psychological equivalent of the heat that converts solids into vapor-that underlies the supposed purer goal. Aggressiveness as it relates to the pursuit of a higher goal is demonstrated by Swifts prince, who was suspected by others of raising mighty armies for such elevated purposes-some would say-of strengthening his reformed religion, or of recapturing Palestine from the Tu rks (2313). These are admirable ends from one perspective, but ones that utilize severely aggressive means. In Gullivers Travels, sublimation is examined in much more detail, resulting in Gulliver also exhibiting sexual frustration that he sublimates into the pursuit of admirable goals that end up intertwined with violence by the end. Gullivers description of himself in Lilliput heightens his sense of sexual potency and power because of his physical size relative to the natives, inflating his ego precisely because the size of his penis instills awe among the little people. In a very telling passage from the first voyage Gulliver describes how he would stand like a Colussus, with my Legs as far asunder as I conveniently could while the army of Lilliput would march underneath him, taking the opportunity to look up his breeches, affording the soldiers some Opportunities for Laughter and Admiration (25). The description of himself as a colossus not only implies something large and powerful, but references the Colussus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Combined with the Admiration he instills in the soldiers who gaze upon his magnificent member, its obvious that Gulliver is extremely pleased with the view of himself in Lilliput as the supreme exemplar of sexual potency. But how can Gulliver deliver on this sexual capacity when it seems physically beyond consummation? What is the point of sexual power when it cannot be used? In a passage in which the purpose for writing it is quite relevant but not entirely clear, Gulliver is able to both further boost his ego and also circumvent the problems posed by these questions. He delivers to the reader an inference that even if he is incapable of committing sexual acts with the Lilliputian women, they at least find him attractive and sexually desirable. The description of the alleged affair with the Treasurers wife no doubt proves comical to everyone but Gulliver, who doth protest too much against his having engaged in a feat of intercourse which would be physically impossible. That being the case, it seems probable that despite his protestation Gulliver doesnt really relate this story to clear the name of a woman the reader will never know, but rather includes it in the narrative to aggrandize his sexual appeal. This seems to be a reasonable interpretation, but Gullivers motivation for including the story of the impossible affair nevetheless remains open to debate. Charles Hinnant devotes an entire book to the argument that Gullivers Travels is concerned primarily with purity and defilement. He comes to the conclusion that the Treasurers anger isnt even directed at the specific charge of infidelity, but rather at the pollution of forbidden contact (24) between Gulliver and his wife. Robert Hunting recognizes that Gulliver protests too much against the insinuation, but then dismisses Gullivers failure to mention the critical size difference as Gulliver simply being naive (100). What neither of these viewpoints address is the important question of why Gulliver bothers to share this information in the first place, when the prospect is clearly ludicrous. Gulliver must have had some reason for including the account of the liaison and even Philip Pinkus argument that the affair was an incident that developed a chain of intrigue that leads to his downfall and almost to his destruction isnt very strong (33). After all, immediately after his discourse on the affair, Gulliver admits that the intrigue had been for two Months forming against me (47). The strongest argument for Gulliver relating the details of such a bizarrely ridiculous event as his sexual rendezvous with a six-inch tall woman seems to be that it was ego-related on his part to provide further evidence of Gullivers sexual power and desirability. Considering the string of humiliating events which are to follow, it should come as little surprise that Gulliver was tempted to inflate his ow n ego by overemphasizing sexual attractiveness to Lilliputian women, for it is primarily the women of Brobdingnag who will contribute to Gullivers sexual deflation. The women of Brobdingnag are most significantly responsible for neutering Gulliver through dehumanizing him and questioning his masculinity. This contributes to the denial of his own desires for them, which then results in the subsequent sublimation of this denigration of his manhood. Laura Brown is perhaps overstating the case when she writes the scenes that emphasize the scale of size in Book 2 are all centered around the female figure (128), and her point that this emphasis results in misogyny is misplaced, but shes correct in intimating that Gullivers relation to the size of the women will adversely affect his ego. The giant men who originally discover Gulliver dont treat him disrespectfully. Not until the wife of the farmer sees Gulliver is he treated as an object of disgust, and in the course of a few pages Gul liver has gone from seeing himself as a magnificent Wonder of the World to seeing himself as a loathsome little toad or spider (69). He is immediately rejected by the first female Brobdingnagian he sees as a potential object of sexual desire. This same woman, along with her young daughter, will further undercut Gullivers claim to manliness by preparing a female dolls cradle for Gulliver to sleep in (74), beginning a process of dehumanizing Gulliver into a plaything that eventually leads to his figurative castration at the hands of a teenage girl. The Queen will express surprise at so much Wit and good Sense in so diminutive an Animal (81). Wit, of course, was highly valued in the marking of a man at the time as being worthy of sexual interest and the contemptuousness of this back-handed compliment regarding his wit is deepened by the description of Gulliver as being both small and less than human. The Queen later demeans Gulliver by comparing their sizes in a mirror. Aggrava ting the humiliation of the observation that Gulliver has a significantly less imposing presence than a woman is the fact that he has to accept the humiliation with good humor, beginning the process of self-abasement that will be reversed through his efforts of sublimation (85). And finally, it is again the Queen who delivers a gut-wrenching blow to Gullivers machismo by asking him if the People of my Country were as great Cowards as my self (87). Philip Pinkus observes that there is no possibility of [Gullivers] being incorporated into [Brobdingnagian] society as he was in Lilliput (56) because he is a harmless little animal and not a fully actualized man. It might also be added that there is no possibility that Gulliver will be implicated in the same kind of sex scandal that he takes pains to deny in Lilliput. Gulliver clearly is not a sexual being worth tainting ones reputation over in Brobdingnag. As humiliating as these attacks upon his manhood are, however, sublimation wouldnt be necessary were Gulliver not faced with accepting his own sexual desire for the giantesses. Gullivers defense mechanism to deal with his emasculation at the hands of the Brobdingnagian women is to deny the obvious sexual desire he feels upon seeing their body parts. Just as Gullivers denial of the affair with the Treasurers wife in Lilliput proves to be driven by ulterior, egotistical motives, his repeated professions of disgust at the sight of Brobdingnagian breasts reinforces the idea that Gulliver is actually erotically fixated on that particular body part. Gulliver is exposed to Brobdingnagian female nudity in its totality, but all he ever describes are their breasts. Very shortly after arriving, Gulliver finds himself in the presence of the naked breast of a Brobdingnagian woman and describes no part of the womans body other than her breasts (74). Of course, as Robert Hunting writes, confronted by the fact of this huge and horrid dug, who could honestly pretend to see anything else? (124). Naturally, Gulliver declares that he is more affected by the horridness of the breast than by its hugeness and that the sight of it disgusts him. Nonetheless, he does not even note any other portion of her anatomy. The probability that Gulliver is indeed a breast-man is certainly palpable; upon seeing a woman with cancer in her breast, though described as a most horrible Spectacle, he nonetheless engages in the rather fetishistic fantasy of creeping into her breast and covering his whole body (90). Gulliver allows himself to lay naked in the bosoms of the Maids of Honor, yet once again describes the circumstance as being digesting (95). The final example showing Gullivers breast obsession occurs in the same passage, where he describes being set upon the nipples of one of the Maids of Honor (96). Gulliver may well be repulsed by the sight of Brobdingnagian female nudity, but his disgust certainly seems to stem from voyeurism that could be rather eas ily avoided if he so desired. Also of interest is that its not just any one of the Maids of Honor who places him upon her nipples, but significantly and specifically it is the handsomest Maid who is a pleasant and frolicsome Girl of sixteen (95-96). Dismissing the pedophilic overtones that the passage inspires today, what man with Gullivers fixation wouldnt find erotic satisfaction in being in the presence of a beautiful naked sixteen year old girl and being placed upon her immense breast? As Laura Brown rightfully observes, Gullivers disgust with the maids of honor is balanced by a titillating voyeurism that singles out the handsomest and suggests that he is sexually implicated in the scene (129). Furthermore, this scene, by his own description, isnt limited to a single occurrence. Gulliver could have stopped the proceedings before they were repeated simply by appealing to the exceptionally loyal Glumdalclitch. Only after these circumstances have occurred enough times for G ulliver to satisfy his desires and for the humiliation involved to overpower that desire does he reject the idea of any sexual arousal at the sight of the maid, and eventually ask that he not be taken to see her any more (96). At this point, Gullivers denial of sexual impulses converts into actual repression. After all, what can Gulliver hope to accomplish even when he does become sexually aroused? In the words of Frank Boyle, [Gullivers] penis, potent and generative at home and awe-inspiring in Lilliput, would be hardly detectable (Boyle 36). Boyle then goes on to hit the mark directly: Gullivers impotence in Brobdingnag gives rise to horror and disgust (36). This horror arises because he is unable to function sexually in this society. The disgust is borne of his need to repress sexual fantasies which, if expressed, would only further his mortification. Gullivers ultimate sexual humiliation is the energy behind his attempts to sublimate those repressed desires into someth ing higher. Gullivers humiliation and repression of his sexuality are cleverly combined with the use of symbolism in a scene in which Gulliver attempts to sublimate his frustration by proving his manhood and worth to the King. The very same handsomest maid of honor who placed Gulliver upon her nipples also used him in many of Tricks, wherein the Reader will excuse [him] for not being over particular (96). One implication is that Gulliver is being used as a dildo. One way of responding to this would have been for Gulliver to have been happy at finally being seen as a worthy sexual object, and it seems likely that this may have been his initial reaction, since he explicitly states that this wasnt a singular occurrence. At some point however, he must have, understandably, changed his mind about being used this way. Gullivers penis is important in Lilliput as a symbol of martial powerand a stimulus for life-threatening personal jealousy [whereas] in Brobdingnag Gulliver becomes a sort of toy phallus, the sexual plaything of adolescent girls (Boyle 35). In other words, the castration of Gullivers once-prodigious penis is complete. In fact, what he experiences is worse than castration. He is left with his penis and testicles intact because they are recognized as useless. Instead, his entire body is transmutated into a toy designed solely for the sexual gratification of a teenage girl with no consideration of Gullivers own sexual needs. The ultimate humiliation of being turned into a dildo lies in the fact that one thing a dildo cannot do that a penis can is provide sperm for procreation. The very essence of Gullivers manhood has been denied by Brobdingnagian women. His primal sexual worth as a man utterly rejected, Gulliver decides to prove his worth as a man through association with higher forms of accomplishment such as government, law, and economics. During his initial interview with the King, Gulliver obviously engages in the process of sublimating his sexual frustration by attempting to raise his worth as a man from the genital function to a higher function by aligning himself with what he views as the civilizing effects of British politics. This sequence is an excellent demonstration of what Norman O. Brown had in mind when he wrote that Swift sees in sublimation, or at least certain kinds of sublimation, a displacement upward of the genital function (49). The genital function, of course, is to produce offspring and thereby keep the world running with the hope that the offspring will learn more and accomplish more and create a better world. Recognizing the impossibility of accomplishing that in Brobdingnag, Gulliver instead convinces himself that he can improve the kingdom for its succeeding generations by doing the King some signal Service (103). Gulliver then proceeds to outline for the King the greatness of the English system of constitutional government, Englands method of instilling law, and its management of mone y. Gullivers attempts to influence the king recalls another psychological term: transference. Gulliver hopes to transfer what he absolutely believes will be the Kings admiration with England onto Gulliver himself. Everett Zimmerman describes the situation more concretely when he writes that Gulliver needs something of worth to which to attach himself (120). If he can succeed in this attachment his hope is that it will atone for the lack of sexual admiration to which he has been subjected. Unfortunately for Gullivers psychological well-being, the King is far from impressed with what Gulliver sees as the noble accomplishments of his mother country. This sequence climaxes in the celebrated moment after which the King has delineated all the faults he has found in Gullivers discourse and pronounces that Gullivers natives are the most pernicious Race of little odious Vermin that Nature ever suffered to crawl upon the Surface of the Earth (108). Faced with the wholesale desecration o f not only his own character but the character of his entire race, Gulliver makes the mistake that many malicious rats have made throughout history. Gulliver redirects frustrated sexual energy into violence (Boyle 36). Gullivers final attempt at sublimating his frustrated sexual energy is expressed in the passage in which the protagonist reveals the secrets of gunpowder to the king. The language is charged with sexuality and aggression, ultimately combining both elements into a climax that leaves Gulliver completely impotent. Gullivers decision to embrace the power of war that he rejected in Lilliput is not difficult to understand. In the words of Frank Boyle: Individual narcissism, the motive for all our actions, inevitably leads us to moments when the frustration of the narcissistic will detaches us from a sense of human sympathy (Boyle 38). Gullivers sympathy is now entirely directed toward himself. At this point he is desperate to recover his lost sense of manhood that had been so greatly inflated in Lilliput. According to Everett Zimerman, Gullivers behavior results from a comprehensible desire to demonstrate a capability that none of these giants had suspected (Zimmerman 120,) and in this instance, capability can correctly be read sexually. Gulliver embraces the sexual component connected with the power of gunpowder as he attempts to both sell the King on the idea of its necessity and on the capability displayed by Gullivers possession of its secrets: That a proper Quantity of this Powder rammed into an hollow Tube of Brass or Iron, according to its Bigness, would drive a Ball of Iron or Lead with such Violence and Speed, as nothing was able to sustain its Force. That, the largest Balls thus discharged, would not only Destroy whole Ranks of an Army at once, but batter the strongest Walls to the Ground.[]could direct his Workmen how to make those Tubes of a Size proportionable to all other Things in his Majestys Kingdom; and the lar gest need not be above two hundred Foot long; twenty or thirty of which Tubes, charged with the proper Quantity of Powder and Balls, would batter down the Walls (109-110).The sexuality underlying the obsessiveness with tubes and balls and size and hard elements and the battering down of walls in this brief passage is striking. The capitalization choices used in this edition of the book leave no doubt as to the significance of the sexual connotations inherent in Gullivers aggressive double-edged sales pitch. Looked at with these connotations in mind, Gulliver isnt just offering a mere weapon, hes offering to supply the King with the knowledge of how to build a potent two-hundred-foot long phallus that will give the monarch absolute power over his dominion (Boyle 37). The King, obviously comfortable with his own sexuality, refuses Gullivers offer with indignation and horror. Once again Gulliver is humiliated, his attempts to sublimate sexual frustration into his conception of a noble goal come to an ignoble end. Gullivers only hope to reestablish his sexual worth is to leave the land of the giants, and his exit from Brobdingnag is done in short order immediately following this final failure to prove his manhood. Gullivers adventures in Brobdingnag act as a direct comment upon his adventures in Lilliput and this contrast is very marked in response to Gullivers sexuality. Whereas in colossal sexual figure, in Brobdingnag he is subject to one sexual humiliation after another. This humiliation at the hands of the giant Brobdingnagian females eventually leads him to deny the quite obvious sexual desires that they instill. Denial of desires can lead either to unresolved repression or to the sublimation of those baser desires towards a higher goal. Gulliver chooses the latter, attempting to prove his sexual worth as a man by proving his intellectual capacity far exceeds that expected by the Brobdingnagian king. Upon this failure, Gullivers sublimation turns towads proving his manhood through aggression. Aggressive tendencies are a hallmark of sublimation. As Norman O. Brown points out, the psychoanalytic theory of sublimation leads on to the theory of the universal neurosis of mankind (48). The end result of Gullivers sublimation is his attempt to provide the King with the secrets to the ultimate product of mankinds neuroses: the weapon by which we can undo all sexuality by wiping all the odious little vermin off the surface of the earth. Works CitedBoyle, Frank. Swift as Nemesis. Stanford Univ. Press: Stanford, 2000.Brown, Laura. Reading Race and Gender: Jonathan Swift. Critical Essays on Jonathan Swift. Ed. Frank Palmeri. GK Hall Co.: New York, 1993.Brown, Norman O. The Excremental Vision. Swift. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, 1964.Hinnant, Charles H. Purity and Defilement in Gullivers Travels. St. Martins Press: New York, 1987.Hunting, Robert. Jonathan Swift. Twayne Publishers Inc.: New York, 1967.Loewald, Hans W. Sublimation. Yale Univ. Press: New Haven, 1988.Pinkus, Philip. Swifts Vision of Evil. Vol. II Gullivers Travels. English Literary Studies: Univ. of Victoria, BC, Canada, 1975.Swift, Jonathan. Gullivers Travels. Ed. Robert A. Greenberg. WW Norton: New York 1970.Swift, Jonathan. A Tale of a Tub. The Norton Anthology of English Literature: The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century. WW Norton: New York, 2000.Zimmerman, Everett. Swifts Narrative Satires. Cornell Univ. Press: Ithaca,